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Dutch
Oven Cooking
with
Floyd Crandall |
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In the
world of big wagon cattle outfits, a cook was hired more for his ability to
drive a chuck wagon pulled by a team of draft horses more than for his
cooking skills. Chances are that when he cooked, he used “Dutch ovens.”
These were cast-iron pots with lids that came in various sizes and could be
used over an open fire. They were non-breakable and easy to transport.
Floyd
Crandall is a rancher, mule man, and Dutch oven cook from Fairfield, Idaho
who has perfected the art of Dutch oven cooking. Floyd believes, “You do
not need to be a teamster and wagon cook to become a successful Dutch oven
cook. With today’s new mixes, packaged food that are easy to fix, a very
basic set of ovens, and a few accessories, anyone can cook with Dutch
ovens.” He has shared with us some of his simple methods that can be used
in your backcountry camp or on your patio at home.
Techniques,
Tips, and Recipes
by
Floyd Crandall
How
to control the heat.
I think
the first thing a person
should learn about Dutch oven cooking
is how to control the heat.
Most
of the cooking is done on the
top of oven. As a general rule,
you should have twice as much
heat on the top of the oven as
you do on the bottom. That is
easy if you are using charcoal.
You can simply count them. If
you are using coals from a fire,
it depends on what kind of
wood you are using and hard
woods seem to work the best. You
just have try some and see what
works the best. Any wood will
work ,but you will find that
some is surely better. I use
only Kingsford charcoal because
it is always the same. When I
cook in the mountains of Idaho I
use either aspen or fir.
In the southwest cedar or
mesquite seem to work well. |
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What
Shall We Cook?Now
that we know how to control the
heat, let's cook a real meal
that will satisfy almost
everyone .
Cooking Meat
I
like to use the best cuts
of meat, such as a sirloin
roast, because there is no waste
and, in case there is any left
over, it can be used later in
many ways. One half package of
dry onion soup mix rubbed on the
meat before it is cooked will be
all the seasoning that is
needed. For a big roast -10 lbs
or so- use a whole package. Add
a cup of water to your Dutch
oven and begin to cook your
roast with 8 charcoals on the
bottom and 12 on the top. Be
sure and not let the oven cook
dry. Add a little water as
needed .This is hotter than you
would cook biscuits but it
works. After about an hour, you
will need to add a few new
charcoals and now would be a
good time to add a couple stalks
of celery, two big onions and
fill the rest of the oven with
carrots and potatoes in what
ever proportions you like. If
you get the oven too full put a
piece of foil over the top
.Remember, if you cook the
potatoes too long they will be
mushy. Continue to cook
about one more hour or until the
potatoes are done. You will have
gained lots of juice by now and
that can be thickened with a
little flour or corn starch to
make gravy.
If you are in a place where you
can do it, the very best way to
cook meat is to bury it in the
ground . To do this, you
prepare your meat and vegetables
the same way and dig a hole 2
feet deep and 2 feet across.
Fill
the hole with wood cut into
small pieces and add the same
amount of wood above ground and
then burn the wood until it is
reduced to red hot coals.
Separate the coals and after
putting a piece of foil over the
oven to help keep the dirt off,
place the oven down in the coals
making sure to get some on all
sides, underneath, and lots on
top. Cover the oven with the
handle straight up and add
enough moist dirt to
completely cover the fire. If
you can see any smoke, add more dirt. It
will take about 6 hours for this
to cook. The good thing
about cooking this way is you
can dig this up in 6 or 8 hours
and it will be done to satisfy
your hungry party, without being
over cooked.
A
turkey also works well to either
cook with charcoal or bury in
the ground .I just season the
turkey with a little season-all
type salt and cook with 12 coals
on top and 8 underneath.
A 12 pound bird cooks in about 2
hours. Buried in the ground, it
really doesn't matter what it
weighs, a turkey will be done in
4 or 5 hours.
Easy
Bean Dish: To
complement almost any meat dish,
I like to use a very easy
bean dish .Take 2 cans of
pork and beans, 1 can of kidney
beans, 1 can of garbanzo beans,
1 can of lima beans or what ever
other beans you like, and mix
them together after draining the
juice off all but the pork and beans. To
this, add a mixture of
3/4 cup of ketchup, 1 Tbsp. of
mustard, 1/2 cup brown sugar ,1 Tbsp.
molasses and 1 Tbsp. vinegar. Brown
1/2 chopped onion and little
bacon and add to the mixture.
Heat
this up slowly as you cook your
meat.
Now
let's make some biscuits.
I simply take some Bisquick and
mix it up with enough water to
make a dough that I can spoon
out in biscuit size amounts. (This will take a little
practice.) I usually put 16 or so
biscuits in a 12 inch oven. This
size oven is good for
biscuits. Each
biscuit must be rolled in oil (that's what makes them brown),
so add enough oil to your oven
to very lightly coat each one as
you add them to the oven. Don't
worry about their being round. It
won't matter. Just crowd them to
use up your dough. Now we are
ready to add heat. I'm usually
in a hurry, so I start with 8
charcoals on the bottom and 12
or so on top. When the biscuits
have raised and begin to look
like biscuits, reduce the heat on
the bottom by two charcoals and
cook until the sides begin to
pull away from the side of the
oven. You will see, as they
pull away, that they are also
beginning to brown around the
edges. When this happens,
remove the bottom heat and
continue to cook on top until
they are as brown and crusty on
top as you like them to be . The
biscuits will take about 30
minutes. They are very easy to do; always
a big hit at your cookout.
Dump
Cake: Now
to go along with your biscuits,
roast beef, vegetables and beans,
I like to make some kind of
cake. There are many kinds
you can use , Some of my
favorites are:
- chocolate
cake over cherry pie filling
- spice
cake over peaches
- spice
cake over apples
To
make your cake, use packaged
cake mix and either canned or
fresh sweetened fruit or canned
pie filling. Begin by
putting the fruit in the bottom
of the Dutch oven and sprinkle the
dry cake mix over the top of the
fruit. Pour enough 7up (or other
lemon lime soda) over the top to
moisten the mix a little [about
1/2 can] and poke it around some
to begin. Six coals on the
bottom and twelve on top should
be about right to cook this in
45 minutes or so. As it
begins to cook, you will see the moisture
begin to come up through the
cake mix. If you end up
with some dry spots add a little
more 7up. You will end up
with more of a cobbler than a
cake, but very few leftovers. Any
time you cook sugar it will
probably stick to your Dutch
oven. Foil lining the oven
will somewhat prevent this, but
the foil is more trouble than
good, so to clean your oven
after cooking anything sticky,
just boil it out.
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Floyd packing
with his mules in Idaho

Dawn & Floyd
How to season a Dutch oven
Cast-iron
cooking utensils, especially new ones, can give a metallic
flavor to foods prepared in them if
they are not properly seasoned.
Floyd calls this seasoning process
"sweetening."
Here is an
unusual
but very successful seasoning method
used by the late Harold Nelson, ranch cook Estes
Park, Colorado:
Fill the
skillet or Dutch oven with water and
boil a handful of dry hay. The hay
can be alfalfa or grass mix. Boil the
hay at a rolling boil for about twenty
minutes. Then you can rinse the
utensil, dry it by heating it on the stove, and rub it with cooking
oil or spray it with a cooking oil spray and wipe off the excess.
You can also use the water from
the boiled hay to sweeten wooden or tin
dishes. Soak the dishes for at
least 20 minutes.
How to restore a badly dirtied or very rusty Dutch oven
If you find a Dutch oven that has been left very dirty for
a long time and will not boil clean, or if you have a Dutch oven that is
heavily rusted or blackened you can place it in a fireplace or camp fire
until the outer layers of bad material are burned away. The fire is
similar to the heat used in cooking and will not melt the metal, but will
burn up charred deposits and oxidation. Then season as above.
We have used this method on cast iron vessels that we thought were
unsalvageable with outstanding results.

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