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Terms for Cowboy Gear
Saddles and Tack

Anvil
Anvil:  hard surface used to shape horseshoes or pound rivets.  

Bridle
BRIDLE: (la brida, el freno) the head harness for a horse, basically consisting of the headstall, bit, chin strap and reins, but often including also a brow band, nose strap, and throat latch.

Bit - this is a spade bit.
BIT: (el freno) - metal mouthpiece on a bridle, when connected to reins, used to steer the horse.  There are a great many variations on bit shapes and severity.  Some types include half-breed, spade, snaffle, curb, and ring bits.   




Shown is a spade bit.



Bosal
 BOSAL:  (bozal) noseband, usually of braided rawhide, used with headstall or "hanger" to make a hackamore.   Usually used with a mecate for reins.


BREAST COLLAR:
BREAST COLLAR:  strap, often made of leather, that passes around the animal's chest and is attached to the saddle.  Used to keep the saddle from sliding back.

Britchin
 BRITCHIN:  (Breeching) Leather strap arrangement fitting over an animal's hind quarters to keep a saddle from slipping forward.  Essential on mules because of their slim shoulders.  See packsaddle. 
The term breeching also refers to a permanent identification mark made horizontally across both sides of a cow's rump (in the same place the leather strap is shown on the mule in the photo).  


bucking rolls
     BUCKING ROLLS:  padded attachments at the front of the saddle to supplement the swells to help the rider stay in the saddle.  Most often used on A-fork saddles.

Cantle
 CANTLE: (la teja) arched, rear portion of the saddle tree.

Choker
CHOKER:  different style of breast collar.  The term is regional to the Great Basin.  Also called 'martingale.' 

Cinch
CINCH: (la cincha) a leather or fabric band (or girth) that holds the saddle on the horse's back by being tightened around its body just behind the front legs. Usually it is fastened to leather straps (latigos) that hang from the rigging on each side of the saddle. 

CINCH TYPES: double rigged - two cinches, one forward and one (flank) behind the seat. single rigged - one cinch which can be attached at different distances back on a saddle. 3/4, 7/8 etc.

Concho
CONCHO: (la concha) a metal disk, often of silver, sometimes a leather rosette that secures saddle strings or used as other decoration.  Etymology is from the Spanish word "concha" meaning "shell"

Rosette
ROSETTE: (la roseta) a circular design; on western stock saddles, a small leather disk with two slits for thongs or saddle strings to pass through, securing skirts to saddletree.

Crupper on the mule to the left.
CRUPPER:  A leather strap that goes around an animal's tail to keep the saddle from slipping forward.   Most often used on mules.

The mule on the left has a crupper.  The one on the right, a britching.



Dally
Dally:  (dale vuelta) When roping, wrapping the rope counter-clockwise around the saddle horn to hold the animal or object roped. In south Texas cowboys don't dally much but actually tie the lariat to the horn, called 'Hard And Fast'.

Fiador knot
FIADOR KNOT:  (Sometimes called Theodore knot)  The fiador is a type of throatlatch sometimes used on a bosal hackamore.  The fiador prevents the headgear from falling off the horse's head.  The fiador knot is the knot under the jaw.  It is known as the hardest knot to tie in horse gear. 

Get down rope
Get-Down Rope:   A hair rope (mecate) attached to a bosalito (small bosal).  Used with California-style rein setup to lead or tie your horse.

Hackamore
HACKAMORE: (la jaquima) The traditional jaquima hackamore consists of a headstall, noseband (bosal)often of braided rawhide, a strap that runs behind the horses ears (hanger),and mecate tied into looped reins and a lead rope.
The first stage of training in the California tradition of horsemanship.

mechanical hackamore
MECHANICAL HACKAMORE:  metal version of the above with metal side pieces that work on the nerves of the nose and a chain under the jaw that works on the nerves there.  Sometimes called a broken-jaw hackamore.

halter
HALTER: (el cabestro) a headstall usually with an attached rope or strap, for holding and leading an animal.

harness
Harness:  Sets of straps, collars, reins, and hardware that are used on horses in order to have them pull a wagon.

headstall
Headstall:  Straps that go over a horse's head which, together with a bit and reins, form the bridle. There are many different styles.

hobbles
HOBBLES: (manellos) straps or a piece of rope placed around a horse's legs to keep it from wandering off.

Scotch or scotch hobble
SCOTCH HOBBLE:  Long soft cotton rope used to tie up a rear leg.  Looped around the horse's neck and double wrapped around a hind foot.  Often used to immobilize a horse's foot so it can't kick, as for shoeing.

horn
HORN: (la cabezal) the projection, often bent forward, above the pommel used for dallying a rope.  Different style horns are regional.  Different style horns are used for cutting and roping.

slick horn



SLICK HORN: in the California and Great Basin traditions, saddle horns are not wrapped with rubber or any other material that causes the rope to grab the horn.  This allows the rope to slide when dallied and is thought to be gentler on both horse and cattle.  This is one reason for the longer length ropes used in this area.  These horns can be wrapped with mule hide.



keeper
KEEPER:  piece of leather attached to the saddle through which loose equipment or saddle parts can be hooked.     

latigos
LATIGOS:  leather straps to which the cinch is secured, each suspended from a latigo ring (or rigging ring), one on the near or on-side (el latigo) and sometimes one on the off-side of a single rigged saddle; on a double-rigged saddle there is also a second (flank) cinch.  Some saddles have an off-side billet to secure the cinch instead of a second latigo. 
The terms 'Cinch Strap' and 'off-side cinch strap' are used in south Texas, There, the leather strings used to tie stuff like ropes or a bedroll on with, are called 'latigos.'     

martingale
MARTINGALE: (la gammara) strap from the (front) cinch to the bridle, or ending in two rings through which the reins pass, to help control the horse.  Also used to refer to the "choker" style breast collar.

macarty, mecate
McCarty:  Macardy (el mecate) A rope, often of braided or twisted horsehair, that is used as a combination rein and lead rope.

McClellan
McClellan: style of military issue light-weight saddle used by the U.S. Cavalry.

MOCHILA:  Mail pouch the Pony Express riders carried on their saddles to hold the mail.

MORRAL
MORRAL:  A feed bag for a horse that fits over its nose.  Also called a nose bag.  It is a handy method of feed a horse grain or pellets.  Little feed is wasted and one animal cannot eat another's ration.

From a Spanish term for "bag."



Night latch
NIGHT LATCH:  Safety strap attached to the saddle for the rider to hold on to in order to stay on a contrary horse.  

Packing

pannier
PANNIER: a basket, bag, box, or similar container, used in pairs either slung over the back of a horse, mule, or other beast of burden or hung on a packsaddle to carry goods.

Kiaks
KIAKS:  pack boxes made of rawhide laced on wooden frames.  The one shown still has hair on the rawhide.     
sawbuck
SAWBUCK PACKSADDLE: (la albarda) (juste) simple wooden framework with crossed ends placed on animal's back to carry loads.

Decker
DECKER PACKSADDLE:  different style pack saddle with metal rings to support the load.  The pack saddle pictured on the left is made by Tom Padgitt, Waco, Texas and has metal arches with "horns" for tying, rather than traditional rings.

Rawhide
RAWHIDE:  The hide of a cow, stretched, dried, and scraped, that can be braided and made into gear such as reins and ropes.  Very strong.  The cowboy in the photos is cutting strips of rawhide from a big circle of it.  The strips then can be braided into gear.

Reins
REINS: (las riendas) strap or cord (in pairs) that runs from the bridle bit around the horse's neck, to be held and manipulated by the rider.  These straps manipulate the bit and apply pressure on a horses mouth and neck in order to steer the animal. 
Reins are of two general types, open (split) and closed.  Texas cowboys prefer open reins.  One advantage of that type is that they are not joined together, so that if a rider is thrown, he is not in danger of becoming entangled.  Ropers and buckaroos are partial to closed reins.  Closed reins are attached to each other

California reins
California style reins often have a long flexible quirt called a "romal" attached.

Romal
ROMAL:  a quirt or whip attached to a set of California style reins.

Quirt
Quirt - Hand whip

Rigging ring
RIGGING RING: (la argolla) latigo ring.

ROPES:    

Extensive look at different type of ropes given on the Personal Gear Page

Saddle
SADDLE: (la silla) (Also called a "wood.") seat type device set on an animal to facilitate riding it.  Different styles are used in different parts of the country and for different uses. 

Saddle parts
POMMEL: (la campana) forward, arched portion of saddletree.

SWELLS: bulging shoulders of the saddle pommel

FORK: (el fuste) saddletree, bows of saddletree.
GULLET: (el interior del arzon) inside of the pommel or the front edge of the forward arch of the saddle.            



Saddle blanket or pad
SADDLE BLANKET OR PAD: (el cojin, el baste) heavy blanket or pad  placed under the saddle to protect it from dirt and to help conform the saddle to the animal's back.

Saddle bags
SADDLE BAGS: (las cantinas) (bolsas) large leather or canvas piece with attached pockets, placed over the rear extensions of the saddle to carry extra gear. 

Saddle Strings
SADDLE STRINGS: (los tientos) narrow strips of tanned leather, usually in pairs, that lace through the saddletree or coverings, and are held on surface by rosettes; the long ends are decorative and also serve to tie on ropes, and other pieces of equipment.
In south Texas, leather strings used to tie stuff like ropes or a bedroll on with, are called 'Latigos'.


Saddle tree
SADDLETREE: (el fuste de silla) framework, often of wood covered with rawhide, consisting of two side-boards connected by two forks for the pommel and cantle; the conformation of these parts gives the saddle its characteristic shape and name.  There are many different styles of saddletrees. 

side saddle
SIDESADDLE: ladies' riding saddle.  Women began to ride astride when they needed to do  ranch work.  The style of riding sidesaddle began to go out of fashion around the turn of the 20th century.

shoo fly
SHOO-FLY:  tassel like accessory, often made of horse hair, that swings as the horse moves scaring away flies and other insects.  Often attached to the front cinch. Here is another shoo-fly for the throat latch.

saddle skirts
SKIRTS: (las faldas) large leather panels attached to the saddletree, to protect the rigging and give form to the saddle. 
The skirts on this saddle are square.

snow shoes for horses
SNOWSHOES  for horses. Shod horses will build up snowballs in their hooves making it difficult to impossible to travel.  Shoes are usually pulled in areas with heavy snowfall during the winter months.  This clamp-on shoe would help that problem.  It appears to have been wrapped with burlap for padding against the hoof.


Thanks to Scott J. Lawson, Director
Plumas County Museum http://www.plumasmuseum.org/  for the following additional photos and information on horse snowshoes.

"The reason for them is that the snow in the Sierras gets quite deep, and the horses would "post hole" in the snow. These shoes helped to keep them up near the surface. Normally, colts were started with them to get them used to the odd gait they had to walk. Older horses could be trained, but it was a harder job usually. Also, the horse snowshoe was invented about 1866 at Spanish Ranch in Plumas County, California, about six miles west of Quincy. There are a few folks in NE California who claim the invention came from their area, but we have actual documentation of it happening here. I have attached a photo showing a sleigh with snowshoe equipped horses." 
soogan
SOOGAN:  (also: sougan)  Quilt or comforter in a cowboy's bedroll.  

Stirrup
STIRRUP: (el estribo) a device hung from each side of a saddle to receive the rider's foot.  Stirrups come in different widths and cowboys prefer different style stirrups for different tasks.




Bell Stirrup
Bell stirrups:  Wide stirrups common to the buckaroo country.  If you look at them from the side, theyWide stirrups make it easier to "trot out" for a number of miles in the big country.  A long trot is the gait of choice for buckaroos that need to travel long distances horseback to reach the place where they will start to work.

Oxbow stirrups
Oxbow stirrups:  Narrow stirrups sometimes made of metal and sometimes preferred by bronc riders.

Tapaderos
TAPADEROS: also called taps.  Stirrup covers to protect rider's feel from brush and weather.  They come in different styles.


TAPADEROS: also called taps
Bulldog taps:  Blunt nosed stirrup covers to protect the feet & stirrups.

TAPADEROS: also called taps
Monkey nose taps:  Blunt nosed stirrup covers used strictly to protect the feet & stirrups.

TAPADEROS: also called taps
Eagle bill (or eagle beak) taps:  Tapaderos with long pieces of leather hanging below the stirrups.  When moving cattle, a cowboy can slap the pieces of leather together by wiggling their legs and the noise helps push the cattle.

Two rein horse
Two-Rein:  Bridle and hackamore transitional setup.  The horse wears both the bridle and the hackamore and the rider actually uses four reins (two reins on each side) to control the horse.

stirrup leathers and fender
STIRRUP LEATHERS: (los arciones) adjustable straps that suspend the stirrups from the saddletree 

FENDER: (el alero) leather piece projecting back from stirrup leather to protect the rider's legs. In south Texas, they use the term 'Sweat leather.'



Wood
WOOD:  Another term for "saddle"








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  • Home
    • Web Site Design >
      • Privacy Policy
    • Links
  • Gear
    • Cowboy Gear - Tips and Tricks: >
      • Three-Way Hobbling
      • Piggin' String
      • Stirrup Hobbles
      • Tying Your Rope Up
      • Buckaroo Scarf Knot
      • Cowboy Night Latch
      • Cut-away saddle pad
      • Center-firing your Cinch
      • Pack Saddle Latigo Safety Knot
      • Quick Keeper
      • Tire Changer Aid
      • Safety Tie-Up
      • No Roll Saddle Stand
    • Saddle Makers >
      • Wade Saddle History
      • Don Howe Working Cowboy Saddle Maker
      • Hamley and Co.
      • Bill Maupin
    • Spurs >
      • E.F. Blanchard Spurs >
        • How to tell authentic Blanchard spurs.
        • More Blanchard Spurs
      • Garcia Bits and Spurs
      • Amozoc Spurs
      • Prison Made Spurs
      • Adolph Bayers Spurs
  • Arts
    • Poetry >
      • Cowboy Poetry by Gary Vorhes
      • Charlotte Thompson Poetry
      • Mike Meaux Poetry
      • Audrey Hankins Poetry
      • Carole Jarvis Poetry
    • Rodeo Photos
    • Cowboy Photos
    • Horse Photos
    • Cattle Photos
    • Gear Photos
    • Dogs and Animals Photos
    • Reminders of the Past Photos
    • Windmill Photos
    • People Photos
    • Ready to Rodeo
    • Books by Dale Woolley
  • Horses
    • Diamond Z English Shire Horses
    • 5 Tips for Traveling
    • Harnessing A Team
    • The Dameles and the Curly Horse
    • Rounding Up Wild Horses
    • Extreme Horse Camping
    • First Pull on the Latigo
    • Twister Heller Starts a Colt
    • Cowboy Martingale
    • Cowboy Training Halter
    • Cowboy & Colt Clinic
    • Using the McCarty
    • Teach a Horse to Stand
    • Cowboy Draw Reins
    • War Knots >
      • Tying War Knots
    • Tail Knot for Pack Horses
    • Cavvy Marks
    • Deworming Your Horse
    • Safe Fall Trail Riding
    • Horse Remedies
    • Hormone Implant
    • How to buy a mule
  • Brands
    • Brands II
  • Chuckwagon
    • Dutch Ovens
    • Recipes
    • Sourdough >
      • Grant's Sourdough
    • Cowboy Coffee
  • Articles
    • Grubbing Hoe Ranch
    • Trevor and Emily Fuhriman
    • Land of Extremes
    • Jersey Valley Cattle Co
    • Diamond Tail Ranch
    • Gang Ranch of British Columbia
    • TS Ranch of Nevada
    • When the TS Ran a Wagon
    • IL Ranch
    • Basque Ranching
    • Crystal Rose Cow Dog College
    • Wyoming Honor Farm Inmate/Wild-Horse Program
    • Cowboy Etiquette
    • Arizona Trigger
    • Longhorn Cattle
  • Stories
    • For the Love of a Horse
    • Breakheart Station Master
    • Freighters Outbound
    • DK Cowboy Stories: A Prophet With Antlers
    • Ben's Trail
    • Spendin’ Time at Cow Camps
    • Slewfoot The Black Bear
    • Orphan Boy
    • Mooney's Stories - The Circle A Ranch of Nevada >
      • Cotton the Horse
      • Wigwam, the Wrangle Horse
      • Spanish Ranch 1
      • Spanish Ranch 2
      • Spanish Ranch 3
      • Spanish Ranch 4
      • Miss Beymer’s Boyfriend by Bill Mooney
      • Recollections by Bill Mooney
      • Branding out of a Rodear on the Spanish Ranch, Part 1
      • Branding out of a Rodear on the Spanish Ranch, Part 2
      • C Ranch
    • Wild Horse Casey >
      • ​A Dirty Ole Mustanger Like Me
    • Hero Cattle Dogs
    • Ranching Traditions
    • Life Lessons
    • Dave’s Summer Adventure
    • Fire-Proofing the Range
    • Cowboy Superstitions
    • Cowboy Humor
    • Portrait of a Cowboy >
      • Cowboy Obstricition
    • Tons of Silver
  • History
    • Fort Worth Stockyards
    • Horseshoe Ranch
    • Andrae - Marvel Nevada Oral Histories
    • Texas 6666 Ranch Historical Photos
    • Gerlach Cattle Company 1906
    • Cattle Roundup Photos
    • Cowboy Historic Photos
    • Sheepcamp
    • Comstock Lode
    • Pony Express
    • Horn Iron
    • Historic Sites
  • Cowboy Profiles
    • Victoria Jackson
    • Flying M Ranch Women's Team
    • In the Big Nevada Desert
    • Mike Laughlin, Cowboy
    • Bob Tanner
    • Bill Kane
    • Wally Blossom
    • Ian Tyson The Legend
    • Allie Bear
    • Marge Prunty
    • Bryan Neubert Cowboy Clinician
    • Rex Blackwell
    • Wiley Carroll - Legendary Hunter
  • Glossary
    • Horse Terms
    • Cattle Terms
    • The People & The Land
    • Saddles and Gear
    • Personal Gear
  • Cowboys of the World
    • Cowboys of the Dark Continent
    • Scrubber Running
    • The Day it Nearly All Ended
    • The Goring
    • Horse Breaking
    • Honduras
    • Mexico